Tuesday, April 30, 2019

Compare and contrast the central tenets of liberalism and realism. How Essay - 1

Comp are and contrast the central tenets of liberalism and realism. How do they differ Is there any common ground between them - Essay ExampleWar and efforts for force turn into the key business office of realist. Liberals launch the thought of force to incorporate corporate agreements, trade and entity agreements.Realism is embodied that the world study is revolutionary and comprises of autonomous political units called countries. These are the most significant units of movement, intrinsically controlling some unconnected military capability or force which makes them conceivably risky to one a nonher countries can never make certain about the aims of different states. The fundamental rationale driving countries is the endurance and upholding of power countries are sane and consider how to survive.The two methodologies are comprehended to contrast significantly in their core presumptions, in the empirical substances they can clarify, and in the forecasts that take after from their hypothetical affirmations. Though, with the appearance of realism, realists and liberals have appeared to be go faster together (Gross, 2005).It can be said that, realism and liberalism collectively can demonstrate considerably more, in a more precise way, than they can independently. The realist model has yielded prosperous knowledge into phenomena. Hence for all model in global relations hypothesis to go its own particular way is not ongoing or even supportive it is terrible

Monday, April 29, 2019

The Concepts, Theories and Critics Arguments Associated With Whistle Essay

The Concepts, Theories and Critics Arguments Associated With Whistle Blowing - Essay ExampleThis research will generate with the statement that whistleblowing is an act of exposing any misconduct, illegal or dishonest activity, which is taking place in an physical composition. The examples of the misdoings tin crapper be any activity that does not comply with the laws and regulations or usher out even be a direct threat to public interest like, corruption, fraud and precaution issues. The whistleblower is often repressed by the organization against whom he spoke, related organizations or by law. Whistleblowing is a practice, which needs to be looked after genuinely carefully. The whistleblowers are the ones who can help to bring insanity in any organizational practice or government, where the incumbents mostly abuse their power or positions by involving in wrong practices for either the companies or self-benefit. It is the whistleblowers who can bring these wrongdoings under c heck by exposing the wrong-doers in public. Though the whistleblowers work for better public interest, thither is no law to safeguard them from the imminent organizational pressure. Many attempts have been made to define the exhibit of Whistle-Blowing. According to James, Whistleblowing is an attempt by an employee or former employee of an organization to disclose what he or she believes to be wrongdoings in or by the organization. According to Johnson, whistleblowing is significant disclosure of unethical, illegal as well as harmful practices in an organization to certain authorized and standard groups who have the power to take action. In general, these information disclosures are considered as favoring public interest by exposing any activity that involves unauthorized or improper utilization of public funds, information regarding criminal activities, improper bending of justice and danger to safety or health of an individual or any other malpractice. At the same time, critics h ave argued that whistleblowing can create the negative impact on interpersonal relationships such s between co-workers in an organization and the whistleblower. They even end up being enemies or completely ignore the whistleblower in auberge to escape their wrongdoings. Whistleblowers can be external or internal and depend on the party or group to whom the whistleblower complaints.

Sunday, April 28, 2019

Analysis of an ethical dilemma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Analysis of an ethical dilemma - Essay ExampleInstead, they pursued suspension pending the addresss ruling. While ethical and moral standards should be held important, a system of order reflected in the justness system should be adhered to before implementing a course of action. In establishing the wideness of due process, it is not in anyway disregarding the rights of the animals which were cruelly disregarded in the case. This is primarily the ethical dilemma of weighing the importance between the rights of the animals and the right of the person accused of the crime. The position stated in this paper is not some choosing sides and is not about disregarding the nature of the crime. It is the upholding of the value of the equality of rights afforded to everyone who is considered innocent, unless proven guilty. In the end, the cause is bring out championed if the legal process was followed.Respect for spiritedness is a top agenda for human beings. The right to sojourn with dig nity has been afforded to an item-by-item the moment he is born. A person should determine his purpose in life while growing up and not the other way around. No individual has the right to mold or determine a purpose for another person before he is even born. It is the individual himself who has to right to decide on the direction he plans to take. The integrity of being human lies in the designer of the person to direct himself and decide on his own. An individual is therefore accountable to himself for whatever harm or insult is inflicted upon him. This will only hold water if no outside force is involved in the infliction of harm. This outside force refers to other people with their own selfish, ulterior and deliberate motives. Having said every of these, are these concepts now applicable to animals? Are we not at the same level, being all products of institution?Animals like humans deserve the right to live and partake of the benefits of creation. Humans may be quality to animals in terms of intellect but

Saturday, April 27, 2019

Human-wk7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human-wk7 - Essay ExampleI would think that educators would champion students identify goals for their education. As an example, students may want to set a goal that would start out them a better life. They may discriminate this type of gal as long- consideration and may find another way to identify shorter term goals merely they may first command to be exposed to education that helps them identify what they want.Self-regulation comes into play as children would reflect on their wants and needs. Reeve (2009) suggests that this happens as plenty stimulate to define goals and work towards them. As they begin to move towards their goals, they also begin to identify whether the goals they have set are working or need to be changed. In educating teens, I would think that educators would also set goals for what they precious children to learn. Reeve also dialog about self-regulation as a skill that must be developed. I would facilitate self-regulation with teens by exposing them t o people from Liberia who had set goals and realized them.Plans-- my externalizes were to begin my Masters and continue it once I began. I think my plan was too big at the condemnation because I did not take into consideration that raising a family and working full time would be difficult.Goals -- I set several goals in my head but I never wrote them down. I wanted a Masters degree because I felt it would bring more money but it was too difficult trying to do school, work full time and take care of my family. Smaller goals would have been better and would have stopped me from feeling so overwhelmed. person-to-person strivings--I always wanted a Masters degree in counseling because I wanted to help people. I wanted the goal to be completed quickly and I thought I could do it while working full time. I was not able to do it in that way.Implementation aspiration -- I did not have a specific plan for my Masters degree. I only wanted to have one. If I had set specific goals for comple tion like I have now, I may have been

Friday, April 26, 2019

Coney Island Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

coney Island Questions - Essay ExampleHe contends that, amusement parks provided relief and respite at the turn of the century for the socio-economic groups striving for ethical and societal attitude in America. During the nineteenth century, square-toed public order and conventions governed the American society. Kasson quotes, Nineteenth-century American was governed by a strikingly coherent set of values, a socialization in many respects more thoroughly Victorian than the England over which Victoria reigned (Kasson, 1978, p. 1). New York presented a sharp contrast due to the socio-economic disparities between the affluent, common-Ave mansion sustainers, and sorry working families in the slums. Coney Island was the first platform, which brought the economically disparate segments together by providing entertainment for all. Hence, it helped the culture to evolve at the turn of the century. This cultural transition move assisted people in forming their own unique identity. Th is book enlightens the readers about the emergence of a novel culture by portraying the run into between the genteel values and the emerging identities that ensued from industrialization. Moral, integrity, self-control, sober earnestness, industriousness- among the citizenry at large (Kasson, 1978, p. 1) characterized the pre-Coney Island as Kasson wrote. Unfortunately, the big majority of New Yorkers found it impossible to attain these virtues and consequently, lived in sub-human circumstances. Leisure measure was a countenance enjoyed by only the affluent and elite even though, Victorian values advocated that this clock time was integral for edifying and informative activities. Such genteel cultural norms encouraged the establishment of parks like the interchange Park in New York to provide a retreat to some(prenominal), the industrial class and elites. Unfortunately, the working class lacked the time or financial resources to benefit from the Central Park hence, the gente el class primarily benefited from it. However, unlike the Central Park, Coney Island aimed at providing entertainment. Coney Island that constituted of three inter-connected parks, namely, Steeplechase Park, Luna Park, and Dreamland ended up offering categorically different form of entertainment than ever witnessed before as Kasson terms it architecture of pleasure (Kasson, 1978, p. 63). build on the ideas of Chicagos Midway, Coney Island provided an opportunity to see the unusual, unheard characters as Kasson writes, Midgets, giants, fat ladies and ape-men were both stigmatized and honored as freaks (Kasson, 1978, p. 50). The illustration of the Streets of Cairo demonstrates that people had the extraordinary opportunity to see a glimpse of the lives of people around the world. Additionally, novel amusement rides like the Ferris wheel provided thrill and adventure hence, they added color to the terrene working lives of the industrial class. For the first time, men and women were r elieved of societal pressure and had the opportunity to come together. not astoundingly, the novel emerging culture was dramatically opposed to the genteel cultural values as Kasson quotes, Coney Island in effect declared a moral holiday for all who entered its gates (Kasson, 1978, p. 50). Thus, Coney Island represent the cultural transition in the masses from the Victorian values towards the emerging culture. Consumption formed the arse of this novel mass culture. No longer were the working class limited to working and sleeping. Instead, they now had time and money at

Thursday, April 25, 2019

Sisters in Law directed by Kim Longinotto and Florence Ayisi Movie Review

Sisters in Law directed by Kim Longinotto and Florence Ayisi - Movie refresh ExampleThe movie also uses characters to demonstrate social molestations that females undergo in the society. These include a girl squirt that has run away from physical molestation, a woman seek a divorce from an opprobrious marriage and a teenage girl accusing a neighbor of rape. The two women championing for social arbitrator within the community, also act as the sisters in law. One of them is a judge while the otherwise is the uttermost Lady in the detective agency. They work together to inform, educate and advocate for the social effectual of the oppressed females. In the film, the end comes with justice served and the audience cheers and applauds happily. The main characters in the film include Vera Ngassa, the call down prosecutor Beatrice Ntuba, the courts president the physically do byd six-year-old Manka Amina, a married woman seeking divorce and Sonita, a girl raped by her neighbor.In th e contemporary world, social oppression is a major vice that limits freedom of expression and choice. The African culture still exhibits aspects of discrimination and a adept of subordination placed on female gender. The movie explores a real-life scenario of how action should be taken by the concerned authority to help in mitigating the extent of the vice. Its setting justifies the fact that women can rise beyond the societal odds to liberate their fellow female genders from the hands of the oppressive masculine. Particularly, the character of a child fleeing oppression from a senior relative attracts audiences attention. It portrays a sense of helplessness and under-age abuse that goes to the extreme ends. From the characters case, we notice that close family members and relatives are the immediate sources of societal child abuses in an African society.

To analyze the process of Argos' shopping design and supply chain, and Essay

To analyze the process of Argos obtain design and supply twine, and to implement a business process improvement (My subject - Essay mannikinThey include customer service, procurement, and manufacturing, each of which directly impact into the firms per conformityance. They are also sort out according to whether they are key or secondary processes key processes directly impact upon the firms mission and strategies (Radhakrishnan & Balasubramanian, 2008). Companies that deliver goods more frequently use methods and techniques involving materials movement and processing. Compared to companies that deliver services, manufacturing and merchandising businesses are more involved in the manipulation of physical resources, and therefore affirm systems that (1) source raw materials, (2) determine the frugal quantity and cost of ordering from suppliers, (3) set standards of quality of materials to be sourced, (4) determine the mode of transportation and the conditions requisite in thes e various modes, and (5) provide the proper storage facilities with the requisite environmental conditions for as economical a cost as possible. These functions pertain to the supply chain, which involves the acquisition and processing of material goods, and their transformation into a form that customers may use. The supply chain also involves making goods available in their present form to the consumers who have need for them. For any manufacturing or merchandising business, the supply chain is a global network of organizations that uphold to improve the flows of materials and information between suppliers and customers at the lowest cost and the highest speed (Govil & Proth, 2002, p.7). The supply chains overriding goals is the maximization of customer satisfaction, which strategically is the ultimate objective of the business organization. Efficiencies that may be veritable in a firms supply chain may result in competitory advantages that other firms may not find easy to imit ate (Suhong, et al., 2006). This speculate go out explore the running(a) processes of an actual firm, specifically Argos Ltd., subsidiary of the Home Retail Group. The supply chain management of the company will be the focus of the investigation. The objective of the study shall be to describe and evaluate the various operational processes that are undertaken in the course of managing the supply chain, from the time orders are originated with the suppliers to the moment the product is delivered to the consumers who are ultimately the conclusion users. Argos was chosen as the subject of this research, because its merchandising sell operations provide a variety of opportunities and situations to succeed the movement of materials and their distribution to the intended market throughout the length of the supply chain system. The case study enables an indepth analysis of the company, to the extent that secondary data is available, in furtherance of understanding the principles of s upply chain management. Chapter 2 Literature review and background Literature review The academic literature on supply chain management is substantial, prompted by the interest of manufacturing operations managers as to how they may improve efficiency and increase customer satisfaction with their products. The studies focus on various important aspects of supply chain management. Karadeniz (2009) draws attention to the importance of the retail site selection and its relation not only to the market

Wednesday, April 24, 2019

Justice System In China Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

legal expert System In chinaware - Research Paper ExampleThese diversifys have mostly been in receipt to the changes in the political, social and economic conditions of the respective nations as well as the philosophies followed by them. The developments taking crop in the cultural and political spheres have played a key role in geological formation and influencing the legal systems worldwide, and are apparent from the introduction of raw(a) equitys over time. This paper on sinful arbiter aims to understand, assess and examine the criminal justice system in China, its historical and philosophical origins and the impact and allure of political and cultural elements in shaping the contemporary law in the country. Historical origins China is regarded to be one of the few nations which boast of one of the oldest legal traditions in the world. However, according to studies, the country has faced some(prenominal) setbacks with regard to establishing and implementing an effectiv e criminal justice system. China has seen a series of authorful dynasties, spanning over 4000 age of rich history, and witnessing the implementation of diverse systems of bureaucratic controls (Dammer & Albanese, 2010). Each and every single dynasty in ancient China had their own set of rules and laws comprising of criminal codes and statutes which were binding on all citizens. Some of the most prominent of these statutes embroil the Yuxing criminal laws established and implemented during the Xia Dynasty the Tandxing criminal laws established during the Shang dynasty the Qinlu criminal laws implemented during the Qing dynasty the Hanlu laws during the Han dynasty the Jiuxing criminal laws of the Zhou dynasty the Tandxing criminal laws of the Shang dynasty the Tanglu criminal laws of the Tang dynasty among others. The criminal laws implemented by all these dynasties were governed by the administrative officials (Nwankwo, 2011). However with the change in political powers and the f ormation of new governance, which began with the establishment of China as the Peoples nation of China, during the year 1949 brought an abrupt end to the criminal laws observed for over 5000 years. When the Communist party assumed power in China, it set out to abolish all the old laws enacted by the previous governments, and replace it with new ones which were in sync with the universal laws and which complimented the new socialist regime (Nwankwo, 2011). The administration of the concept of justice in imperial China was founded on the basis of a set of values and theories. The conceptions of justice was largely influenced by three major schools of thoughts which included Confucianism, Legalism and cosmological. All the three schools of thoughts had a completely different approach although in principle, the philosophical justifications offered were the same. Eventually, the three schools of thoughts were finally merged together to form a common law base on a common rationale, durin g the Han dynasty between the period of 206 B.C. and 220 A.D. These set of laws continued to be put to intrust till the twentieth century (Muhlhahn, 2009). Philosophical origins trinity the people with governmental measures and regulate them by law (fa) and punishment, and they will avoid wrongdoing but will have no sense of honor and shame. Lead them with virtue and regulate them by the roles of propriety (li), and they will have a sense of shame, and moreover, set themselves right. Confucius, in Terrill (2009) pp. 556 During earlier times, the concept of equal

Tuesday, April 23, 2019

East Asia Past and Present Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

East Asia Past and Present - Essay ExampleSimilarly, historical assessment and analysis from the perspective of a specific nation requires recognizing major events which occurred in the countrys history. Therefore, by identifying the key historical events which occurred in Japan between the period of the 19th century and the first gear half of the 20th century, this paper highlights how these events contributed to the challenges posed by the modern occidental world in score to examine the mechanism through which Japan responded to these challenges and why it chose to do so.The challenges posed by the modern Western world during the period of the late 19th century while, progressing towards the 20th century was characterized by the acquisition of winner military prowess and alliance. The influence of this factor meant that the political scenario during the period was dominated by Western powers. This conniption of the analysis aims to incorporate the political and militia factor s which contributed towards the shaping of world affairs during the time and the manner in which they posed challenges. Most importantly, during the early 20th century Japan combated against Russia in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905. The implications of this war transpired in a positive fashion for Japan as it military skills and techniques enabled the country to hold a choice position amongst Asian nations. Similarly, Holcombe states that Japans military prowess intriguingly did not coincide with widespread frugal or technological progress, for example, the nation was only able to initiate significant infrastructure developments in 1872 with the impel of the railways yet, the military strength of the country was rising despite of these claims (227). In the period between 1880 and 1905, Japan achieved triad critical military milestones, the production of locally produced rifles in 1880, becoming a

Monday, April 22, 2019

Humanities II course work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Humanities II run away work - Essay ExampleAs the movement grew, it gave rise to expressions of the fantastic and the exotic (Cunningham & Reich, 459). While love story can be a nebulous concept, its most accurately verbalized through a core group of elements in art and in literature. One of its earliest manifestations was a love of nature, expressed by artists throughout Europe, who exhibited an unprecedented use of personal perspective, scope and color. This was, in large part, a answer against the onset of modern society. The growing industrialization of life in the great cities, and the effect of inventions like the railway system train on urban architecture stimulated a back-to-nature movement as Romanticism provided an leak from the grim realities of urbanization and industrialization (Cunningham & Reich, 430). This style struck a chord with people who were, in their deliver ways, seeking an escape from the de-personalizing effects of society. As the Romantic style gaine d momentum in the late eighteenth and early 19th centuries, it became more self-consciously a rejection of classical art forms. The American and French transformations employ classical forms to express their rejections of the old forms of government Romanticism to Post-Modernism 3 against which they were rebelling (Cunningham and Reich, 424). The leaders of Americas revolution against Great Britain borrowed heavily from classical forms of architecture to express a timeless connection between their pop form of government and that of the ancients Greeks and Romans. For Romantic artists, this was a limiting artistic convention not adapted to the physical body of self-expression with which the new style was infused. In the early phase of the Romantic movement, Goethes plays served as a literary catalyst for the turbu modify, aggressive Sturm und Drang school. His works were prototypes of the emotionalism and rejection of governmental authority that characterized Romanticism. Modern criticism still considers Goethes use of dramatic technique in the Sturm und Drang as unconventional and revolutionary with respect to dramatic forms in general and Aristotelian drama in particular (Stewart, 277). This trend would come to encompass music, poetry and the doctrine of Emmanuel Kant, Georg Hegel and Arthur Schopenhauer. The political environment in Europe at the time was set in turmoil by the French revolution and its aftermath. The Napoleonic wars of the late 18th and early 19 centuries aggravated nationalistic extravagance throughout the continent. This historic and political cataclysm had a profound influence on artists and thinkers. Romanticism lent itself readily to mythological themes, and the great life-and-death struggle that engulfed Europe inflamed the mythologies and folk traditions in all(prenominal) European nation. In Germany, for instance, this phenomenon found its apex in the ancient Norse mythology that Richard Wagner would fashion into his famous bo unce cycle opera. The lasting impact of Romanticism was that the nationalism of Europes nation Romanticism to Post-Modernism 4 states was enhanced - in some cases created - by the writers and artists of the Romantic movement. Many Romantic artists identified with the nationalist movements of the quantify and either supported their own countrys fight for freedom (as in the case of Verdi) or championed the cause of others (as did Lord Byron)

Sunday, April 21, 2019

College is a Waste of Time and Money by Caroline Bird Essay

College is a Waste of Time and Money by Caroline wench - Essay utilizationThe paper tells that the views and structure of the article College is a Waste of Time and Money by Caroline Bird argon truly bound to their senses having conveyed in the authors statement college is the dumbest investment you spate launch . That should suffice to proceed without contesting the majority in the general public who would at any time be disposed to argue that is down aright true and how can a regressed economy running scarce with commercial enterprise creators ever address the fresh yields of the academe, the new brood of the first-time bloodthirsty job hunters? However, while Bird commits to this eccentric person of sentiments in her period which are presently felt as well and expresses sold-out support for the abolition of college, does it ever occur to her to ponder on how the world would look with money-driven human beingnesss who act, talk, treat, and think like well-nigh crazy engine for dough all the time? For one, having thought ahead of the possible scenarios with that and what the author would most likely feel about each of them, he is rather afraid of acquiring much raise up in coping with that kind of future Bird insists in her sphere of change and investments. Apparently, she is quite significantly concerned with the keen reality experienced via the inverse proportionality that exists between finishing college and the hard-to-settle issue of unemployment than the centerfield essence of tertiary education itself. Perhaps we ought to guide her perception to veer off at examining and modifying the course instead of rationalizing If high-school graduates dont exigency to go, or if they dont want to go right away, they may perceive more clearly than their elders that college is not for them in a tone of complaint. The concept of kick upstairs education is never unwise and if our main problem lies on the reluctant attitude of most 18-year-olds toward col lege, this can be neutralized or put to balance by focusing on the manner educators are supposed to work on tools or techniques of fostering a stimulating atmosphere for the students. We can prefer herein to find hope and realize that exploring beyond the conventional academic realm enables studying individuals to nab the remarkable key to versatile potentials and thereby gain opulent interest on succeeding with the targeted development in both professional and economic goals as they stay in school prior. Bird in general communicates her findings that A great majority of our nine million college students are not in school because they want to be or because they want to learn They are there because it has become the thing to do (1975). Of course, we develop widely known the ever-prevailing behavior among youth in transition from secondary level as such(prenominal) since we have gone through the stage and somehow managed to comprehend all the frailties and unpleasant feelings the reof. This we can acknowledge, nevertheless, as a normal phase of life where immaturity inevitably combines with confusion and curiosity due to the so-called identity crisis which naturally places a young person to a state of random inquisition, denial, rebellion, and repulsion of incorrupt discipline. Whether in and out of the academe, this condition lives as a fact and may not be prevented from misfortune so it would be irrational to tolerate the reasoning that college alone is responsible just because the 18-year-olds are being forced into a challenge or something they are not prepared yet considering which, they must consequently be allowed the freedom to decide for themselves as Bird proposes. After conducting scholarly studies and interviews, Bird is eventually brought to fill up that students are sad because they are not needed ... there is no room for so more newly minted 18-year-olds

Saturday, April 20, 2019

The Tactical and Strategic Asset Allocation of Pension Funds Essay

The Tactical and strategical Asset Allocation of gift off Funds - Essay ExampleThe process of plus allocation whitethorn take place afresh for a new investor or through a review for an lively investor. The review of the pattern of allocation may take place on a continuous keister or periodically. The most important is the determination of the assets, liabilities and assess the net worth of investor that is available for coronation. If the goal of the investor is to increase the assets, the goal should be determined in terms of the assets required to be accumulated by the termination of the investment period. This report seeks to brief asset allocation procedure and the strategies and tactics to be taken business of by an investor of bonus inventory to maintain a balance between risk and return.The origin of the employee benefit funds can be traced to the late 1800s but it is their tremendous growth in the last 25 years that has established them as one of the most influent ial institutional investors in the United States of America. Pension funds dominate the investment scenario in the United States, United Kingdom, Japan and Canada. Almost 90 percentage f the pension funds in Japan, the UK and Canada are mid-sized and large private and public sector employee funds. The asset allocation structure for pension funds can differ for both a country and a type of plan.The return from any investment is a function of the ability to take risk and the identification of market expectations. The economic model of defined pension plan is useful in interpreting the questions regarding investment decisions for pension assets. If defined benefit plans are looked at as an act of pension debt-servicing financial institutions, pension asset should be managed in the stage setting of the nature of pension plan balance sheets. The riskiness of the pension fund cannot be judged by comparing with other pension plans or in terms of the compulsive values of the pension lia bilities, but are based on the nature of the plan liabilities, and in the context of the cash flow and the balance sheet characteristics of the employer liable to pension claims. The objectives set here for the fund is foresightful term return and capital appreciation at the end of maturity. This needs to be done guardedly by fund managers and the fund should be allocated in such a manner that majority of the fund should be invested in equity of blue chips so that regular return can be judge and capital appreciation is also possible. However, there may be uncertainties with regard to the return from equity and to harbor the investor from such a risk, a sizeable portion should be kept in bonds. The following deuce approaches will clearly discuss the manner in which the fund is allocated to

Friday, April 19, 2019

Marketing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Marketing strategy - Essay Examplef the intangibility of its products and the fact that financial risk is signifi washbowltly reduced with the expanding market and the increasing database of customers.The intangibility of the insurance products and the volumes of premiums entertain significant impact on the performance outcome of insurance companies. They be major issues that require advanced ideas and creative inputs to promote strategies that would be able to attract and retain customers. Indeed, the scholars assert that the financial services are characterized by intangibility heterogeneity inseparability perishability and high labor intensity (Zeithaml and Bitner 2000). The marketing of insurance products therefore becomes interdependent on the way the new idea is projected to the people and information is disseminated amongst the prospects.Insurance products are generally sold through agents. They also heavily rely on the external factors like trust in the protection provi ded and the goodwill of the agents through which the insurance products are sold. The intangibility of the products makes it difficult to judge its quality until it can be experienced and therefore, the marketing strategies need to rely on factors like credibility of the company, price, promotion, segmentation etc. The perishability of service makes it difficult to make forecast. Indeed, the fact that the quality and delivery of the services are closely coupled to the human aspects makes it much harder for the insurance firms to convince their targets. Hence the creativity of ideas and dissemination tools become major facilitators of utile market strategy. The leading insurance companies Lloyds, Norwich Union etc. increasingly deploy new strategies like emulous premium, innovative products and differentiation in the product so new customers can be attracted.While a sales process primarily involves five major steps to commence sales, it is imperative they must be accompanied by c lear understanding of behavioural pattern of

Management Information and Communication System Essay

Management Information and Communication System - hear ExampleBecause of this capability, the buying and selling of goods and services are expedited and streamlined. Producers and consumers could now directly transact with each other, making it possible to eliminate middlemen, in the process. This is called e-commerce or e- crease and it could take the form of several samples. The businesses that operates an internet business model primarily to establish and maintain relationships with other businesses is called B2B business model. Here, the emphasis is for the Internet to facilitate proceedings amongst business organisations. For instance, there is the case of Dell, who manufacture computers according to specifications provided other business organisations. Through the Internet, exchanges transactions between the company and its corporate clients take place, beginning with the placement of order details, the manufacture according to the specifications and the words of goods. Pride, Hughes and Kapoor (2011, p.484) explained that in this B2B process, Dell reduces storage and carrying costs and avoids unsold inventory while consumers who directly transact with them eliminate costs associated with wholesalers and retailers. This latter aspect in the model receives more emphasis on the other business model called B2C or business to consumer model. Business organisations such as Amazon.com and Landsend.com are examples of companies using the B2C model. They primarily put up to individual consumers. In addition to product and service offering provided 24 hours every day and 7 days a week, B2C firms often attempt to build long-term relationships with their consumers (Pride, Hughes and Kapoor, p. 484). This is the reason why a marrow element in the online strategies of these organisations is customer services and extensive analysis of consumer data. The above models demonstrate how the Internet shadow provide innovations. The transactions that transpire over the web are electronically documented, which makes it easily organized and accessed for consumer analysis, securities industry research among other initiatives to determine consumer behavior and needs. These data inform business organisations to create new and good products that can be successfully marketed and sold to the market. The information gathered over the web could help mete out emergent consumers needs and requirements as well as solve problems and challenges. For example, back in 1990s, Wal-Mart introduced its Retail involvement system, an integrated and store-shelf data made more powerful by the Internet in automatically triggering manufacturing orders to its suppliers when stocks were humbled (Wailgum, 2007, p.50). Since then, Wal-Mart was able to introduce pioneering systems in supply-chain management such as the evolution of its revolutionary point of sale system and the communication of information therein. The above variables are just some of the many instances wherein Internet contributes to the competitive advantage of a business organisation. The fact is that this technological breakthrough is a fundamental component in the manner by which it can create consumer value. Because of this platform, the organisation can respond immediately to problems and challenges in the affair process. In addition, the Internet is an

Thursday, April 18, 2019

Assignment 3 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 7

3 - Assignment Example by this style, the employees were given the freedom to come up with innovative ideas to transform the operations of the business. In addition Sir Richard touch the subordinates in decision making process. As a result, they felt as an integral part of the company. This incite them to work hard towards the organizational goals, an aspect that was replicated in the overall performance of the firm. Sir Richard Branson also understood that the employees were the sensation who interacted with the customers in the market. As a result, he used them as an important source of information. He gave the manpower a role of identifying opportunities and noting any changes in the tastes and preferences of the target market. Therefore, the company was able to make the necessary changes in its operations before the competitors (Chan 2013). This gave it an upper hand in the market. Furthermore, it improves the customer relationship, thereby, increasing their loyalty levels.Si r Richard implemented a functional organizational structure in order to streamline the operations of the company. Each department is held by a manager who oversees and manages its operations. However, all functional units work together towards the common objective of the company. Setting up functional units enabled the company to maximize the returns from the employees as they are grouped according to their areas of specialization. This has been very instrumental in establishing very strong teams that are able to deal with the diverse challenges that are facing the company in the market.Sir Richard Branson led the organization from the front. He has been the role model for the rest of the workforce. In addition, he always ensured that he was there when critical decisions concerning the operations of the business were made. He has always offered suggestions but open to critics and challengers. This ensured that the decisions that were

Wednesday, April 17, 2019

Communication excellence using technology in the work place Essay

colloquy excellence using technology in the work place - Essay ExampleFor instance, through the communication technology, services such(prenominal) as video conferencing are essential in revolutionizing the workplace Hinchcliffe (2014). Video conferencing allows for activities such as distance online meetings in which the leadership makes plans over their worker and manages its activities. some other role of technology at bottom the workplace is its purpose for the procedures of communication between the workers and nodes of the business or organization, as well as, the leadership at the workplace. By using technology for communication, the workplace relations between the clients, workers and leadership receive a of import boost. Thus, technology plays a remarkably essential role in the process of the workplace establishing its relations with the customers. Moreover, with come apart communication technology in mathematical function between the workplace and the customer base, technology facilitates better customer care services in the organization Hinchcliffe (2014). Thus, technology has a role in establishing and improving the customer care service within the workplace for the advantage of the workplace, as well as, the workers dealing directly with clients.Another notable role of technology in the workplace is the aspect of mobility while at work. Technology entails several(prenominal) aspects, which are mobile and allow mobility Hinchcliffe (2014). Such technological services allowing mobility at workplace include the utilization of portable devices such as the smartphones, tablets and laptops among others. These devices allow workers to work even from the comfort of their homes, a factor that influences the mobility within the workplace. This mobility results in improved service delivery as the worker capitalizes on the aspect of time saving. Additionally, the use of technology within the workplace increases the pace of accomplishing tasks. Technol ogy incorporates the aspect of speed a factor that intimately organizations consider while selecting the

Tuesday, April 16, 2019

John Clare Essay Example for Free

John Clare EssayJohn Clare (1793-1864) was natural on July 13 at Helpstone, a village in Northamptonshire, close to the Lincolnshire fens. His paternity, Parker Clare, worked as a create laborer. In his spare time his father was also a rustic wrestler and ballad singer. Clare tended to(p) a dame school in his native village, and then went to Glinton School in the next village. When his father became ill with rheumatism, Clare began work first as a horse-boy, then ploughboy, then as a nurseryman at Burghley House. In 1812 he enlisted in the militia, returning home eighteen months later. He met Martha Turner in Casterton, who joined the Clare family just in the lead the birth of the first of their eight children. Clares first book of poems appeared in 1820, published by Hessey and Taylor. The volume ran to four editions in the first year, and he became celebrated in capital of the United Kingdom literary society as the peasant poet.In 1837 Clare was admitted into Mathew Allen s private asylum of High beech tree in Epping Forest, where he stayed for four years until he discharged himself, walking the eighty miles home to Northborough in three days, eating grass on the way. He wrote two long, suffering poems, Don Juan and Child Harold, which record his precious mental state. He was certified insane by two doctors in December 18841 and was admitted to St, Andrews County moonstruck Asylum in Northampton, where he was treated well and continued to write, producing many short, semi-mystical poems. John Clare later passed remote in the institution in 1864 at the age of 71. First LoveI neer was struck before that hourWith applaud so jerky and so syrupy,Her face it bloomed like a sweet efflorescenceAnd stole my heart away complete.My face turned fed up(p) as deadly pale.My legs refused to walk away,And when she looked, what could I ail?My life and all seemed turned to clay.And then my declivity rushed to my faceAnd took my eyeight quite an away,The tree s and bushes round the placeSeemed midnight at noonday.I could not see a single thing,Words from my eyes did start They spoke as chords do from the string,And blood burnt round my heart.Are flowers the winters choice?Is venerates posterior always snow?She seemed to hear my silent voice,Not loves appeals to know.I never saw so sweet a faceAs that I stood before.My heart has left its dwelling-placeAnd can return no muchFirst love is a poem, which shows the experience the poet has falling in love for the first time. It is rejoicing the love he achieve for a woman named Mary Joyce until now there is sadness and a judgement of dissatisfaction hovering in the background. This feeling exists, as the love was unrequited. The poem has an underlying tone of innocence and flurry of emotions as it is the poets very first attempt at love exhibiting his feelings for Mary.The opening of the first stanza only shows how sudden and upset(prenominal) the feeling was as he was never struck before that hour, this is followed my sibilance alliteration so sudden and so sweet further emphasizing on the shock and bewilderment of the overwhelming feeling affirm it is a new experience. He uses his heart as a symbol that she has stolen completely away however unknowingly. The paragraph continues to describe how he physically felt ill as his face turned pale a deadly pale.Generally when a person falls in love the instinct is that the blood rushed to the face, which occurs as a latter reaction. This could be because he probably already sensed that the love could not be returned as he didnt say anything to her instead he hoped that his eyes would pay off the message words from my eyes did start. He never came close to even touching ortalking to her however the line all seemed to turn to clay conveys the strong affection he attained for her. He also shows how the woman is in control of their relationship as she could mould and re-mould him as per her wish.In the second stanza he goes on to describe more of his emotions brought forward by this interaction. He makes it quite optic for us of how the love has its affect on him and how he flushes with embarrassment so much that for a number he feels blind. The physical impact of love relates the experience of love and loss.

Monday, April 15, 2019

Matter and Materials Physics Assignment Essay Example for Free

motion and Materials Physics Assignment EssayMatter and MaterialsPart 1Here is a list of definitions of chief(prenominal) terms, with the sources of information in bracketsTensile Stress (1)Tensile stress is the tensional force acting on a solid per unit cross-sectional area. It is delineate by the symbol ? and is metric in N m-2 or Pa. (They are the same thing). regulation ? = F / AStrain (1)The pliable strain is calculated by dividing the acknowledgment produced in a solid (i.e. a wire) under tension, by its original length. It is represented by the symbol ? and has no units. (It is a length divided by a length). Formula ? = e / lThe new Modulus (1)The Young Modulus is a means by which we can measure a cloths congener resistance to tensional force. If a material obeys Hookes Law (as most of them do, at least to an extent) then the tensile stress is proportional to the tensile strain, and the ratio of stress to strain is a constant, which is characteristic of a materi al. This is called the Young Modulus, and it is calculated by dividing tensile stress by tensile strain. It is represented by the symbol E, and is measured in N m-2 or Pa, as we divide a measurement in Pa by one with no units. Formula E = ? / ? , or E = F l / A e. slow-wittedness (1)Density, a characteristic of a material, is defined as mass per unit volume, and is a measure of relation back massiveness of a material. Density is represented by the symbol ? and is measured in kg m-3. Formula ? = m / VStiff (1)The stiffer a material is, the more difficult it is to be deform (have its radiation pattern or size changed) by a force.Plastic (1)A material is said to be charge card if, when you deform it, it stays in the new shape after the force is released.Elastic (1)If a material is elastic, then it will return to its original shape after being deformed. This is the opposite of waxy.Brittle (1)A brittle material does not change shape at all when a deforming force is applied. It lastl y breaks without warning, and the pieces can be fitted back together.Ductile (1)A material is ductile when it can be deformed by a large, steadily applied force. Most economic metals are ductile- they can be worn-out out into wire, for example.Tensile military group (2)The Tensile Strength, or Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of a material, is the add up of tensile stress a material can take just before snapping. It is measured in N m-2 or Pa.Yield Stress (1)The Yield Stress is the amount of tensile stress required for a material to yield. Certain materials, for example mild steel, when under sufficient stress, begin to extend at a very fast rate without additional pressure being applied. This is caused by the materials internal social system losing its integrity. The crystal planes within the metal can slide past each other, and the material becomes completely plastic for a time, but then breaks if any more force is applied.Information Sources1 A students recap notes, found on the college intranet.Address https//195.195.14.1/intranet/physics/mod_3/12_2_solids/matter/matter.htm2 Microsoft Encarta 99 Encyclopedia Tensile StrengthAll of my evidence is in Appendix 1 of the assignment.Information about a metal aluminium is a very light metal, with a melting loony toons of 660C and a boiling point of 2467C.It is highly electropositive and reactive, and it is this property that makes it extremely resistant to corrosion- on contact with air it rapidly forms a skin of aluminium oxide, which resists any further chemical corrosion. atomic number 13 is the most abundant metal in the Earths crust, but most of it is contained within complex silicate minerals, from which it is far too expensive to extract. The main source of Aluminium is Bauxite, which is an impure aluminium oxide ore.Part 2I have been given data for the force and extension from stretching a wire, and the original length and diameter as constants.The formula for the Young Modulus is E = F l / A e , s o I will have to manipulate the formula into a graph.If I made a graph of F against e, the gradient would be equal to F / e. Multiplying this by the l / A would give me the Young Modulus.Calculation for the Area A = ? d2 / 4 A = ? (1.0010-3)2 / 4 = 7.8510-7 m2Therefore l / A = 3.00 / 7.8510-7 = 3.82106 m-1Below is the spreadsheet data I downloaded. To the right is the graph I constructed from the data.

Sunday, April 14, 2019

I lesson plan Essay Example for Free

I lesson plan EssayI. To develop experiential insights and interactive literacy among scholarly persons. II. A. The students should find out and give insights of the 10 differences of the pictures. B. The students leave behind able to formulate questions of their own. III. Pictures IV. Introduction Limit 20 min A. Q Have you seen pictures of beautiful sceneries, houses, markets and busy streets? B. Students imbibe different situations shown by their opposite word mate. C.Motivation Letting students appreciate ones ideas and more than likely contributes his or her ideas to opponents. V. teaching method STRATEGIES/ ACTIVITIES (Time Limit 35 min. ) A. Concept/Content Comprehension, understanding and analyzing by comparing and incompatible. B. Skills to be develop Interacting, speaking, listening, and do his or her own critical thinking. C. List 10 questions to ask and describe the picture. D. Let the students form in pairs and give them pictures.Do not let them show first to their mate the picture yet? consequently instruct them to sit back-to-back and then cover very well their handed picture. Students should plan 10 questions to ask about the picture he or she handed in. Let her or his mate opponents quest about the picture. E. Participants are ESOL and gifted child as well. F. Discussion, giving insights and analyzing the pictures. A student expresses his or her own deals about the pictures handed. G. Describe your surroundings at home.What are the things your mother does and other members of the family do to make your home clean and beautiful? A. Students were able to show her or his own point of view and trust to himself or herself trust to answer, The students able to list down 19 questions ask and expresses their feeling, understanding and, contrasting students ideas and concepts. B. Students can describe his or her own surroundings at home. To evaluate at their own what is new, darling and unlikely not good to their own home.Generally student s formulate their own concepts and develop skills of communicating and comprehending by means of understanding about the things around. V. I should create good surroundings and evaluated students as to their own self. Develop initiated activities more comprehensive situation leading to more higher degree of thinking. IX. I was able to guide students distinctly on how and what to do with the activities. The students meet the exact ideas they get and developed a skills through experiences. The students able to lead each other the usual means of mingling to each other.

Saturday, April 13, 2019

International Markets Essay Example for Free

Inter issue Markets testifyOnce SAB Miller has decided to establish itself in the world-wide commercialize, it becomes necessary for the commercializeing manager to say and analyze the various options avail fitting to enter the internationalist commercialises and select the almost suitable oneness. The plectrum of the compliance mode is one of the most signifi messt decisions.SAB Miller takes in the process of internationalization, as it involves commitment of resources with long-run fiscal and structural implications. Mode of foundation whitethorn be be as an institutional appliance by which a faithful makes its returns or expediencys available to consumer in international trades. Root (1994) defines the market approach for international markets as a comprehensive plan which sets forth the objectives,goals,resources,and policies that guide a favorable clubs international argument operations oer a future period long sufficient to achieve sustainable fi ndth in world markets.FACTORS AFFECTING THE SELECTION OF ENTRY MODE orthogonal MODESMARKET SIZEMarket size of it is one of the key factors an international marketer has to develop to come on in mind when selecting an entry st targetgy.Countries with a large market size honourableify the modes of entry with investment, much(prenominal) as wholly owned subsiaries or equity participation. MARKET GROWTHMost of the large,established markets, much(prenominal) US,Europe and Japan, f all(prenominal) in more or little(prenominal) considered a point of saturation for consumer goods such as automobiles,consumer electronics. in that respectfore,the growth of markets in these countries is showing a declining trend.For instance,the general growth in most of the US and European market is rough 7% while emerging markets like India and China is over 30% which indicates tremendous market potential in time to come.Therefore,from the stance of long-term growth potential such as China,India,Tha iland,Indonesia etc.These markets be withal termed emerging markets. GOVERNMENT REGULATIONSThe selection of market entry modes to a great extent affected by the legislative framework of the oversea market,the administration of most of the Gulf countries defy make it mandatory for strange plastereds to cede topical anaesthetic partner.For instance,the UAE is a lucrative market for Indian firms but most firms operate there with a local partner. hatful barriers such as ecological regulations and local content requirements withal affect the mode of entry.It has been a major(ip) reason for ontogenyd orthogonal investment in Mexico,which is a part of the North American reposition Agreement(NAFTA),in order to cater to the US market. LEVEL OF COMPETITIONPresence of competitors and their direct of interest group in an overseas market is another(prenominal) crucial factor in deciding on an entry mode so as to effectively respond to competitive market force.This is one of the ma jor reasons behind auto companies background intimacy up their operations in India and other emerging markets so as to effectively respond to planetary competition. INTERNAL MODESCOMPANY OBJECTIVESCompanies operating in domestic help markets with especial(a) aspirations generally enter contrary markets as a gist of a reactive approach to international marketing oppurtunities.In such cases,companies receive unsoliated orders from acquaintances,firms and relatives ground abroad,and they attempt to fulfil these merchandise orders.This casual approach to entry international markets by air of producing in the homemarket and exportation overseas translates into regular(a) export if the firm has positive experience in its exports operation. AVAILABILTY OF COMPANY RESOURCESVenturing into international markts demand substantial commitment of financial and human resources and therefore choice of an entry mode depends upon the financial strength of a firm.It may be observed that Indian firms with good financial strength hire entered international markets by way of wholly owned subsidiaries or equity participation.LEVEL OF COMMITMENTIn view of the market potential,the entrustingness of the troupe to commit resources in a particular market as well as determines the entry mode choice.Companies need to evaluate various investment alternatives in a particular market also depends upon the way the comp any is willing to perceive and respond to competitive forces. INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCEA community well exposed to the dynamics of the international marketing surroundings would be at ease when reservation a decision regarding entering into international markets with a highly intensive mode of entry such as joint venture and wholly owned subsidiaries. Below atomic number 18 different modes of market entry and they intromitEXPORTINGExporting is the simplest method of entering a exotic market.It is theprocess of sending goods or renovations from orbit to ot her countries for use or sale there. By exporting to a unlike orbit,a smart set is able to enter this agricultural without actually establishing itself in the country.The company must simply do harvest-feasts that can be shipped to the distant country.Export activities may take several(prenominal) mental strains,including mediate exporting,direct exporting,and intracorporate transfers. Direct exports represent the most basic mode of exporting, capitalizing on economies of scale in cropion concentrated in the home country and affording better reign over distribution. Direct export works the best if the volumes atomic number 18 small. Types of direct exporting areSales representatives that represent remote suppliers/manufacturing businesss in their local markets for an established commission on gross revenue. pr expand support services to a manufacturer regarding local advertising, local sales presentations, customs clearance formalities, court-ordered requirements. Im porting distributors purchase product in their own right and resell it in their local markets to undividedsalers, retailers, or both.Indirect ExportingIndirect export is the process of exporting by domestically based export intermediaries. Indirect methods of exporting requires less marketing investment, but, as the exporter has no rig over its products in the hostile market, the company lose substantial control over the marketing process. Types or methods of validatory exporting areFilling orders from domestic buyers who then export the product Seeking out domestic buyers who represent foreign customersExporting through an Export Management connection (EMC)Exporting through an Export Trading Company (ETC)INTRACORPORATE TRANSFERSA third form of export activity is the intracorporate transfer,which has become more important as the sizes of MNCs have increased.An intracorporate transfer is the sale of goods by a firm in one country to an affiliated firm in another. LICENCINGLice nse is a contract to identify what is being licensed trademarks, patents, designs, copyrights or software. Licensing allows rapidly entering into the chosen foreign market and reduces capital requirements to establish manufacturing facilities overseas. Your contract does not violation of the host countrys animate laws and regulations.a licensor in the home country makes limited rights or resources available to the licensee in the host country. The rights or resources may include patents, trademarks, managerial skills, engine room, and others that can make it possible for the licensee to manufacture and sell in the host country a similar product to the one the licensor has already been producing and selling in the home country without requiring the licensor to light a wise operation overseas.The licensor earnings usually take forms of one time payments, technical fees and royal house payments usually calculated as a percentage of sales. As in this mode of entry the transfer of cutledge between the erectal company and the licensee is strongly present, the decision of making an international license intellect depend on the respect the host government show for intellectual property and on the tycoon of the licensor to choose the right partners and avoid them to compete in each other market. Licensing is a relatively elastic work agreement that can be customized to fit the needfully and interests of both, licensor and licensee. FranchisingThe franchising system can be defined as A system in which semi-independent business owners (franchisees) pay fees and royalties to a name company (franchiser) in return for the right to become identified with its trademark, to sell its products or services, and often to use its business set and system. Compared to licensing, franchising agreements tends to be longer and the franchisor purposes a broader package of rights and resources which usually includes equipment, managerial systems, operation manual, initial t rainings, site adulation and all the support necessary for the franchisee to run its business in the kindred way it is done by the franchisor. In addition to that, while a licensing agreement involves things such as intellectual property, trade secrets and others while in franchising it is limited to trademarks and operating k forthwith-how of the business. TYPES OF FRANCHISESThere are three available vitrines of franchises.The first type is the dealership,a form commonly found in the automobile industry.Here,the manufacturers use franchises to distribute their product lines.These dealership act as the retail stores for the manufacturer.In some distance,they are required to allude quotas established by the manufacturers,but as is the case for any franchise,they benefit from advertising and management support provided by the franchisor.The most common type of franchise is the type that offers a name,image and method of doing business,such as McDonalds,KFC,Holiday Inn.There are ma ny of these types of franchises,and their listings,with pertinent information can be found in various sources. A third type of franchise offers services.These include personnel agencies,income tax revenue preparation companies and satisfying estate agencies.These franchises have established names and reputation and methods of doing business.In some distances,such as real estate,the franchisee has actually been operating a business and then applies to become a member of the franchise. CONTRACT MANUFACTURING bowdlerise manufacturing refers to a situation where a business will engage the services of an independent party to dress a specified duty for the business. In terms of manufacturing, contract manufacturing refers to a situation where a manufacturer will engage the services of an independent party to perform a specified job. There are various reasons for this type of engagement by manufacturers, all of which involve the maximization of profit. The process of contract manufactur ing also has some negative considerations that include the risk of un receivedty and lack of control over the process. WHOLLY have SUBSIDIRIESEntering a foreign market with a wholly owned subsidiary involves creating a local firm without the aid of a local partner. There are dickens ways of doing this. The first is through what is called greenfield development. This involves creating a new organization in the foreign country from the ground up. The second method is what is referred to as brownfield development. This involves purchasing an existing company in a foreign country. Brownfield developments can be beneficial because they offer local expertise, but they can be difficult because there may be resistance from those in the companyto new ownership. JOINT VENTUREA market entry option which the exporter and a domestic company in the target country join together to form a new corporate company. Both parties provide equity and resources to the JV and contend in the management, profits and losses. The JV be limited to the life of a particular project. This option is popular in countries where there are restrictions on foreign ownership, eg. China and Vietnam PIGGYBACKINGPiggyback marketing low cost market entry strategy in which two or more firms represent one anothers complementary (but non-competing) products in their respective market. Or, in other words, it is an arrangement, where two or more companies help each other to market their products, where the products have to be complementary and not competing against each other.LEVEL OF INVOLVEMENT IN INTERNATIONAL MARKETSNo direct foreign marketingA company in this stage does not actively cultivate customers outside national boundaries however this companys products may reach foreign markets. Sales may be made to employment companies as well as foreign customers who come directly to the firm. Or products may reach foreign markets via domestic wholesalers or distributors who sell abroad without explicit encouragement or even knowledge of the conjurer. As companies develop web sites on the internet, many receive orders from international Web surfers. Often an unsolicited order from a foreign is what piques the interest of a company to seek additional international sales. singular Foreign marketingTemporary surpluses caused by variations in production levels or demand may result in infrequent marketing overseas. The surpluses are characterized by their temporary nature therefore sales to foreign markets are made as goods are available, with little or no intention of maintaining continuous market representation. As domestic demand increases and absorbs surpluses, foreign sales activity is withdrawn. In this stage, little or no change is seen in company organization or product lines. However, few companies today fit this mould because customers around the world increasingly seek long term commercial family relationships. Further, evidence exists that financial returns from initial international expansions are limited. Regular Foreign marketingAt this level, the firm has permanent productive capacitor devoted to the production of goods to be marketed in foreign markets. A firm may employ foreign or domestic overseas intermediaries or it may have its own sales force or sales subsidiaries in important markets. The primary focus of operations and production is to service domestic market needs. However, as overseas demand grows, production is allocated for foreign markets, and products may be adapted to meet the needs of individual foreign markets. Profit expectations from foreign markets move from being seen as a bonus to regular domestic profits to a position in which the company becomes dependent on foreign sales and profits to meet its goals.International marketingInternational marketing is the export, franchising, joint venture or large direct entry of a marketing organization into another country. This can be achieved by exporting a companys product into a nother view, entry through a joint venture with another firm in the target country, or foreign direct investment into the target country. The development of the marketing blend in for that country is then required international marketing. It can be as straightforward as victimisation existing marketing strategies, mix and tools for export on the one side, to a highly complex relationship strategy including localization, local product offerings, pricing, production and distribution with customized promotions, offers, website, social media and leadership. Internationalization and international marketing meets the needs of selected foreign countries where a companys value can be exported and there is inter-firm and firm learning, optimization and efficiency in economies of scale and kitchen stove. The firm does not need to export or enter all world markets to be considered an international marketer. Global MarketingGlobal marketing is a firms ability to market to almost all countr ies on the planet. With extensive reach, the need for a firms product or services isestablished. The global firm retains the capability, reach, knowledge, staff, skills, insights, and expertise to deliver value to customers worldwide. The firm understands the requirement to service customers locally with global standard solutions or products, and localizes that product as required to maintain an optimal balance of cost, efficiency, customization and localization in a control-customization continuum to best meet local, national and global requirements to position itself against or with competitors, partners, alliances, substitutes and defend against new global and local market entrants per country, arena or city. The firm will price its products appropriately worldwide, nationally and locally, and promote, deliver access and information to its customers in the most cost-effective way. The firm also needs to understand, seek, measure and develop loyalty for its set and global brand equity (stay on brand) for the long term.b)OULINE ADVANTAGES AND DISAVANTAGES OF EACH STRATEGY.Advantages of direct exporting-Control over selection of foreign markets and choice of foreign representative companies. -Good information feedback from target market.-Better protection of trademarks, patents, goodwill, and other intangible property. Potentially great sales than with indirect exporting.Disadvantages of direct exporting Higher start-up costs and higher risks as opposed to indirect exporting Greater information requirements Longer time-to-market as opposed to indirect exporting.Advantages of the international franchising mode-Low governmental risk-Low cost-Allows simultaneous expansion into different regions of the world -Well selected partners bring financial investment as well as managerial capabilities to the operation. Advantages of indirect exporting-Its an almost risk-free way to begin.-It demands minimal involvement in the export process.-It allows you to continu e to concentrate on your domestic business.-Youhave limited liability for product marketing problems theres always someone else to point the finger at -You learn as you go about international marketing.-Depending on the type of intermediary with which you are dealing, you dont have to concern yourself with shipment and other logistics. Disadvantages of indirect exporting-Your profits are lower.-You lose control over your foreign sales.-You genuinely rarely know who your customers are, and then lose the opportunity to tailor your offerings to their evolving needs. -When you visit, you are a step re locomote from the actual transaction. You tonus out of the loop. -The intermediary might also be offering products similar to yours, including directly competitive products, to the same customers instead of providing exclusive representation. -Your long-term outlook and goals for your export program can change rapidly, and if youve put your product in someone elses hands, its hard to r edirect your efforts accordingly. Advantages of licensing-Obtain extra income for technical know-how and services-Reach new markets not well-disposed by export from existing facilities-Quickly expand without much risk and large capital investment-Pave the way for future investments in the market-Retain established markets closed by trade restrictions-Political risk is minimized as the licensee is usually 100% locally owned-Is highly attractive for companies that are new in international business. Disadvantages of licensing-Lower income than in other entry modes-Loss of control of the licensee manufacture and marketing operations and practices leading to loss of whole tone-Risk of having the trademark and reputation ruined by an incompetent partner-The foreign partner can also become a competitor by selling its production in places where the kick upstairsal company is already in. -investment to attract prospects and support and manage franchisees. Advanatges of Frachising-Franchis ing provide knowledge of the local markets.A franchise provides franchisees with a trusted level of independence where they can operate their business.A franchise provides an established product or service which may already enjoy widespread brand-name recognition. This gives the franchisee the benefits of a pre-sold customer base which would ordinarily takes years to establish.A franchise increases your chances of business success because you are associating with proven products and methods.Franchises may offer consumers the attraction of a certain level of quality and consistency because it is mandated by the franchise agreement. Disadvantages of franchising-Franchisees may turn into future competitors.-Demand of franchisees may be scarce when starting to franchise a company, which can lead to making agreements with the wrong candidates -A wrong franchisee may ruin the companys name and reputation in the market -Dependence on franchisee.-Potential passage of armss with franchisee .Advantages of Joint go-Accessing additional financial resources Asset sharing is one of the best advantages about joint venture. Since, you are able to use larger funds to facilitate the production and operation of projects and products, you facilitate growth. In other words, you increase profit margin and increase your revenue potential.-Sharing the economic risk with co-venturer It pays to have someone sharing the accountability with you in case you end up in deep troubles. This is also true with joint venture. Since you are sharing assets, the risk of losing a great deal of coin is divided to both parties.-Widening economic scope fast Building reputation is often difficult, not to mention time consuming and expansive. At a joint venture, you are able to widen your economic scope without spending too much money and waiting for a long time. Tapping newer methods, technology, and approach you do not have In order to grow and expand, you need resources in the forms of methods , technology, and approach. For that matter, it would help a lot if you will be able to partner with an entity that instanter has the things you dont and the things you need. Joint venture opens up the venue for such need.-Building relationship with vital contacts apart from economic territory, another advantage of joint venture is the ability to give you business relationships with vital contacts. This is just like automatically befriending your partners influential friend that can give you access to lots of things such as business opportunities and a pass to vital information.Disadvantages of Joint Venture-Shared profit Since you share assets, you also share the profit. The profit of both parties usually depends on the size of the share to the venture or may be defined on the agreement.-Diminished control over some important matters Operational control and decision making are sometimes compromised in joint ventures. Since there is an agreement that divides which one will take over a particular operation, the other may not be satisfied with how the things are worked out with another. This leads us to another disadvantage of a joint venture. -Undesired outcome of the quality of the product or project Since one party may not have control on the supervision of the production or the accomplishment of one part of the system, this can happen. This often leads to disputes and lawsuits. To avoid this, both parties agree on specific expand about the whole operation process.-Uncontrolled or unmonitored increase in the operating cost Again, defined control over the operation may lead to this disadvantage. It is important therefore to make sure that all things are clarified on the paper before singing in the joint venture agreement. Advantages of contract manufacturing-Low financial risks contract manufacturing allows companies to save costs by manufacturing a particular item at a cheaper rate than what it would cost them If they decided to undertake the manufa cturing process themselves. it allows the company doing the outsourcing to shave some time off the whole process, giving them quicker returns and turnovers. Where a company is less effective than another in manufacturing an item, contract manufacturing will allow it to concentrate on that in which it is the most efficient. Disadvantages of contract manufacturing-Reduced learning potential-Potential public relations problems may need to monitor working conditions. -The company doing the outsourcing faces some degree of risk if it fails to do its research properly. This is because outsourcing the manufacturing to the wrong company could end up costing the company more, rather than less, if the outsourced company fails to deliver as expected. Advantages of wholly owned subsidiariesOn the positive side, a wholly-owned subsidiary that does its business in a location different from the parent companys is able to remain in its locale. With the business world spanning so many countries, t his can serve as a great advantage in international situations. Name recognition is another positive reason for maintaining a wholly-owned subsidiary. If a particular brand name is well known and popular, the parent company has no reason to absorb the subsidiary entirely. Wholly-owned status allows the subsidiary to retain its name brand, thus avoiding hindering its sales. Diversity for the parent company is another perk created by maintaining a wholly-owned subsidiary. This status allows the parent company to branch out into different products and markets, building strength in diversification. Disadvantages of wholly owned subsidiariesa wholly-owned subsidiary are more business oriented. The holding company runs a definite risk in assuming control of another company while allowing its management to continue to operate independently of the parent companys. The level of investment and allocation of funds and resources required is also very high. A parent company must spend a great de al of time and money to smoothly integrate the new subsidiary.All of these factors require commitment and dedication on the part of the holding company and willingness to form that partnership on the part of the subsidiary. Advantages of piggybackingreduced financial costslimited riskquick, easy access to the market. Generally, the supported company can make immediate profits on the new market. The SME can, thus save time (3-5 years), compared to the convention length of time necessary to establish itself reduced logistical and administrative operations benefit of the brand image that the supporting company brings to its products immediate availability of a sales force structure slender market knowledge of the supporting company.Disadvantages of piggybackingweak motivation of large companies to become supporters difficulty in purpose partners offering a compatible product and distribution network risk of market loss, which can be reduced due to the complementarity of the produ ct, and commercial follow-up between the partners occasional difficult relations because of differences in size or culture risk of lack of mutual confidence and of lack of involvement risk of conflict of interest (e.g. local agents could systematically put the interests of the supporting company before those of the supported company) occasional very rigid requirements and conditions of access to the commercial networks of large companies. These conditions can be qualitative (e.g. product quality) and quantitative (minimum level of annual turnover, high commissions, etc.).Macro Environmental Influences That Can Affect SAB MillersSABMillers origins date back to the foundation of fastness Breweries in 1895 as to serve a growing market of miners and prospectors in and around Johannesburg, South Africa. dickens years later, it became the first industrial company to list on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange and the year aft(prenominal) (1898) it listed on the London Stock Exchange. F rom the early 1990s onwards, the company increasingly expanded internationally, making several acquisitions in both emerging and developed markets. In 1999, it formed a new UK-based holding company, SAB plc, and moved its primary listing to London.In May 2002, SAB plc acquired Miller Brewing, forming SABMiller plc. It is very important that SAB Miller considers its environment before going into international the market. In fact, environmental analysis should be continuous and feed all aspects of their homework to go international The macro-environment refers to the major external and uncontrollable factors that ascertain an organizations decision making, and affect its performance and strategies. These factors include the Political (and legal) forces, Economic forces, Sociocultural forces, and Technological forces. These are known as the PEST factors.PEST depth psychologyPolitical Factors The political environment revolves around the current government in a particular country in w hich SAB Miller manufactures or trades, and also laws/legislation operate or within their home market as well as overseas. If their government is socialist then perhaps there is a form _or_ system of government to tax more and to invest in the public sector. On the other hand if SAB Millers have a more conservative or Republican government then the free-market is left to take control, taxation is less and there is often a smaller public sector. The political arena has a huge influence upon the regulation of the business, and the spending power of consumers and other businesses. SAB Miller must consider issues like How stable is the political environment in that country? Will government policy of that country influence laws that regulate or tax SAB Miller? What is the governments position on marketing ethics?What is the governments policy on the rescue?Does the government have a view on culture and holiness?Is the government involved in trading agreements such as EU, NAFTA, ASEAN, or others? Economic FactorsThe economic environment is a direct influence on all businesses. Obviously if you are studying marketing there is a huge element of economics within the topic itself, and you should be no stranger to the principles of economics. As we saw from our lesson on the marketing environment there is a macro environment, and internal environment and the microenvironment. More specifically youll be at looking elements such as where a business is in terms of the current business cycle, and whether or not they are trading in a recession. SAB Millers marketers need to consider the state of a trading economy in the short and long-terms. This is especially true when planning for international marketing. You need to look at 1. bear on rates.2. The level of inflation Employment level per capita.3. Long-term prospects for the economy Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, and so on. Sociocultural FactorsThe Sociocultural environment embodies everything which is socia l and cultural within a nation or society. There are plenty of examples of society and culture on the marketing teacher website, so we recommend that you go to our lesson store and look through some of the consumer behaviour pages. Some notable examples would include the influence of learning, memory, sense and perception, motivation, lifestyle and attitude and consumer culture.Have a look at the six living generations in America, social environment and class, the impact of your birth order on how you behave as a consumer and take a look at the eight types of online shoppers. In a more general sense consider influences such as the increase in life expectation of Western consumers, and demographics which is the study of populations. The social and cultural influences on business vary from country to country. It is very important that such factors are considered. Factors include 1. What is the dominant religion?2. What are attitudes to foreign products and services?3. Does language i mpact upon the diffusion of products onto markets?4. How much time do consumers have for leisure?5. What are the roles of men and women within society?6. How long are the population living? be the older generations wealthy?7. Do the population have a strong/weak opinion on green issues? Technological FactorsTechnological factors are a multifaceted influencer. Lets just think about the sorts of technology that you come in touch with almost daily. Smart phones such as Android and iphone are now common all garden, and we are used to being able to access information and communication technology instantly no matter where we are. During studies or at work we have access to information on quick PCs and over the Internet, with faster broadband connections arriving in many parts of the world. Technology also surrounds business processes. As we saw from our lesson on the functions within an organisation all departments use information technology or technology in one form or another. Our ma nufacturing operations will use technology to produce goods and services.Our logistics and warehousing functions use forklifts and Lorries as well as order tracking technology and software. The customer service department will use communication technology to talk to customers but will also have access to internal systems, such as technology to simplify credit control and stock control for example. There are many, many more examples of technology. Technology is vital for competitive advantage, and is a major device driver of globalization. Consider the following points 1. Does technology allow for products and services to be made more cheaply and to a better standard of quality? 2. Do the technologies offer consumers and businesses more innovative products and services such as Internet banking, new generation mobile telephones, etc? 3. How is distribution changed by new technologies e.g. books via the Internet, flight tickets, auctions, etc? 4. Does technology offer companies a new w ay to communicate with consumers e.g. banners, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), etc?

Thursday, April 11, 2019

A typical day for a cabin crew on a long haul flight Essay Example for Free

A typical daylight for a cabin work party on a long haul flight EssayThis cogitation entrust ac screwledge you near a typical day for a cabin crew on a long haul flight. Of course it may vary time to time because either airlines ar dissentent.The night in front the flight, as a cabin crew, you must(prenominal) pack your suitcase for the flight and to know what clothes you should bring, you should check the weather in the destination you be flying to. You must venture trustworthy your uniform is clean and neat, you bring all documents with you and it is very important to review SEP questions before waiver to the pre-flight briefing. Also you must check your airline website where you leave behind find information about your position (e.g Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4) and otherwise flight info such as departure time, flight number, estimated duration of the flight and crew information. other important thing is to decide how you are going to get to the airport and how much time it go away take you to get there, so you will not be late.Pre-flight briefing All cabin crew members will control a meeting with their ISM, senior crew and other cabin crew members before the flight. During this meeting you will be given information about the flight, your role on the aircraft, information about meals and drinks, if there are any passengers who need extra assistance and also you will be asked any(prenominal) health and safety questions.Before boarding Before boarding you must make sure you have all important documents such as ID card and passport with you. Once you are on board, you must do a full safety check of a cabin to make sure naught suspicious has been leave onboard and also check if all safety equipment (such as first aid kit, PBE) is on place and correct. Check if there are enough meals and supplies for the number of passengers onboard. Finally check the toilets for security and that they are stocked up with necessities. When you finished, you must do a report to crew that you have finished all checks.PAX boarding When boarding for passengers started, cabin crew must greet the passengers, check their boarding passes, verbatim them to their seat and help them find space for their luggage. Passengers must put their hand luggage in the crash compartment or under their seat. If the luggage is too heavy it must be put in the cargo. subsequently boarding on the aircraft finished, it is time to do a safety demo, where you let the passengers know how to use their seatbelt, atomic number 8 mask and life jacket and also to inform them where the floor lighting is that will guide them to the hot exit. After that you do your final checks and you must ensure that all luggage is correctly stowed away, seatbelts are fasten and the cabin is secure. When you will receive a message from a captain, cabin crew must take their seat for take-off.After take-off Once the aircraft is airborne and the seatbelt signs have been switched off, you can star t the in-flight service. This will differ from airline to airline and depending on whether all items are sold or are free as part of the service. You must prepare for cocktail service, put you meals and food on the trolley. Also, the service will be polar if your airline has business or first class. During this time, you will also check the toilets for security and cleanliness and also regard with any passenger enquiries or first aid. Also during the long haul flight you will be given virtually time to rest.Landing and disembark PAX When it is time to land, once again you will do checks that all seatbelts are fastened and all luggage is stowed and cabin is secure and ready for a safe landing. Once this is complete is time to return to your crew seat. Once all passengers have left the aircraft, you must do a cabin safety check to make sure that passenger did not leave their documents, mobile phones or any valuable stuff onboard. It is important to do this check to make sure that n othing suspicious has been left onboard. Also you cabin crew must complete some documentation, such as cash summary and flight report.Summary After reading this report you will have an idea of how looks like a typical day for a cabin crew on a long haul flight.

Wednesday, April 10, 2019

Confederation and Constitution Essay Example for Free

union and Constitution EssayThe members of fusion, formally cognise as the Articles of coalition and ageless Union, refers to an agreement between the thirteen founding evokes that first form the get together States of America as a confederation of sovereign states. The Articles of Confederation had served as the first U.S. typography (Merrill, 1959). The states nether the confederation were Virginia, South Carolina, New York, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Georgia, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, New jersey, Pennsylvania, North Carolina, Delawargon and Maryland. In 1787, a fundamental congregation was cal lead to revise the Articles of Confederation as they contained so many flaws, which would have fatally affected the confederation (Wendel, 1981). However, the figure ended up abandoning the Articles and drafted a recent constitution which had a much stronger national presidential term. After so much tussle and debating, eleven of the thirteen states ratified the const itution which led to the formation of a new form of governing body for the United States of America (Kermit, 1987). The following are similarities and differences of the Articles of Confederation and the Constitution.Consenting of antecedentharmonize to the Articles of Confederation, the law-makers of each state had no specific means of choosing pick outrs. The delegates of each state were to sign the Articles, merely only do as directed by their law-makers (Young, 1977). Their legislature did not provide for them to vote in such agreements thus, they only wait until instructed so. This shows that the Articles of Confederation did not provide how it could be ratified, but indirectly implied it the duty of the legislatures of the various states.This meant that the people had no direct influence over the form of national presidency being put in place because their representatives were not specifically elected for that purpose.The Constitution provided for conventions in the sta tes whereby delegates are chosen by people for the purpose of considering ratification. Therefore, the Constitution had specifically addressed its ratification in Article VII (Maier, 2010). The provision that ratification by nine states were to effect it meant by passing the state legislature and going to the people for governing consent. In summary, in the Articles of Confederation, consent of power was from the state while in the constitution the power to govern came from the people to the government.Type of National organisationUnder the Articles of Confederation, the government was more than of a constituent(a) confederacy, whereas the Constitution provided constitutional federal republic (Merrill, 1959). Under both, the government was a constitutional government because it was codified in writing. The government structure between the two, however, differed. An association of States under a putting surface government formed the confederacy. Each member state retained its sov ereignty leaving the national government with very little authority over the individual state (Young, 1977).The National government powers tilted towards outside(prenominal) relations for the benefit of all the states. This meant that the National Government could not coerce individual states to do anything. The constitution provided for a federalism structure (Kermit, 1987). This ensured a more equated power sharing between the National government and the state government. The National government, therefore, had sufficient sovereignty to execute its mandate while ensuring the same for the state government.Representation in the National GovernmentIn the Articles of Confederation, indirect fashionable means was in effect as the representatives were positive by an elected state legislature (Wendel, 1981). On the other hand, the Constitution effected direct popular federal agency for both the states and the citizens. The people, through popular vote, formed the House of Representa tives while the states ,through elected legislature, appointed the Senate (Kermit, 1987). The representation according to the constitution was in accordance with the structure of Federalism.Division of Powers in the National GovernmentArticles of Confederation provided one legislative body (unicameral) with all powers of national government which was the coitus Assembly. All decisions and relations were derived from the relation (Wendel, 1981). Matters of law, settling disputes, foreign relations, including all the others issued from sexual relation (Merrill, 1959). However, Congress did not have the ability to implement laws, and had particular(a) ability to judge on law or disputes because a dedicated judicatory was not in place. The Congress, however, appointed courts to preside on piracy and High Seas crimes, resolve disputes between States and individuals from different States.The Constitution, however, provided for portion of power of the National government into three di stinct branches, each with specified duties. The Legislature composed of the Senate and House of Representatives is mandated with do laws (Maier, 2010). The executive was to enforce laws with the President while the Judiciary and inferior courts is to judge using the law. A besidesl was also provided to each of the three branches to view the power on other two and encroachments into other branches powers.Powers of CongressThe Articles of Confederation provided specifically enumerated powers to the congress which included regulate foreign mercantile system. Congress could not, however, regulate interstate commerce (Wendel, 1981). The Constitution powers carried over from the Articles of Confederation included the power to regulate foreign and interstate commerce amongst others. around of the powers remained the same although others differed. Among the powers included in the Constitution but absent in the Articles of Confederation are taxing, regulating interstate and foreign co mmerce, making of uniform laws on bankruptcy, breeding and accompaniment an Army and Navy and formation of inferior courts (Kermit, 1987). Congress Assembly lacked all these powers under the Articles of confederation.Revenue RaisingThe Articles of Confederation provided that National Government should request for bullion from the individual states (Wendel, 1981). The Constitution, however, gave the National Government power to tax. A major shortcoming of the Articles of Confederation was a failure of providing for the National Government to raise its own revenues (Young, 1977). Congress assembly requested funds from states for National treasury. This resulted in the states failing to comply as requested. This made the United States lag on stipendiary its debts and meeting its obligations. Under the Constitution, Congress could raise revenue for costs and operations of the National Government, namely, common defensive measure and general welfare of the United States (Maier, 201 0). However, some restrictions were imposed regarding revenue raising of the National Government. The provision of raising revenue for National government ensured it did not rely on other entities namely, the states to execute its duties.Enforcement of Federal LawsThe Articles of Confederation did not provide for the National government to enforce its laws thus it had to rely on States for this function (Wendel, 1981). Laws, treaties, acts or agreements passed by Congress Assembly were up to states solely to enforce (Merrill, 1959). This resulted in them only enforcing what favored and suitable to them. The Constitution on its part, gave the executive branch through the President power to enforce laws (Maier, 2010). This provision enabled spry execution of laws and execution of the government requirements.Analysis of Drafting the ConstitutionOn May 25, 1787, fifty louvre delegates of the United States convened in Philadelphia with intent of creating a new and better government. In itially, Virginians Edmund Randolph and James Madison presented a constitutional proposal called the Virginia Plan. The proposal provided for a bicameral (two chambers) legislature (Kermit, 1987). The lower house was to be chosen by the citizens, and the upper house was chosen by the lower house. In addition, a national executive and judiciary were to be selected by the legislature. The plan aimed at creating a strong central government. The debate began with the delegates of the large states supporting the Plan while those from smaller states opposed it.The smaller states felt that the larger states would dominate national legislature for the number of legislative representatives was to be determined by population. Some delegates also had fear that a devoted central government would overpower the states restricting their individual liberties. Weeks of debating saw another proposal from William Patterson of New Jersey (Maier, 2010). This was referred to as the New Jersey Plan. This plan modified the Articles of Confederation and proposed a unicameral legislature having meet representation regardless of states population, a two-person executive branch and a single body of the judiciary. Smaller states delegates and proponents of short government were for the New Jersey Plan while bigger states delegates opposed it.The ensuing stalemate was lost by Roger Sherman of Connecticut through the Connecticut Plan. The plan incorporated both previous proposals. Its proposal of a bicameral legislature with a population-based lower chamber and an independent upper chamber with equal representation satisfied both the small state and large state delegates. Other compromises included legalization of the slave trade until 1808 and returning of escaped slaves to their owners. Slavery was assumed to come to an end by itself. During census, slaves were to be enumerated as three-fifths of a person (Kermit, 1987). This resolved the debate on counting slaves between northerners who were against it and southerners who were for equal counting of slaves. many delegates opposed people electing the president while others supported the election of the executive by the citizens. An Electoral College was formed which called for a body of electors selected by each states legislature to vote for a president.The repugn over confirmation between the Federalists and the Anti-FederalistsRatification of the constitution also resulted in a major division between federalists and anti-federalists. The Anti-Federalists such as James Hancock feared that the National Government, the Executive branch and Congress held too much power. They also argued that the national government could maintain the army during times of peace (Maier, 2010).Contrary to the Anti-Federalists, the Federalists led by James Madison argued that power separation into three independent branches protected peoples rights as each of the branches represented a different aspect of the people (Hamilton, Madi son Jay, 1982). Because of the equality of the branches, no(prenominal) of the groups could control another. They also argued that listing the rights exposed the people as it would likely result in the government violating those not listed. The final compromise for ratification saw the federalists promise drafting of the bill of rights once Congress met.ReferencesHamilton, A. Madison, J. Jay, J. (1982). The Federalist Papers. New York Bantam Classics.Kermit, H., (1987). The Formation and ratification of the Constitution Major historicalinterpretations. New York Garland Pub.Maier, P. (2010). Ratification The People Debate the Constitution, 1787-1788. New York Simon Schuster.Merrill, J. (1959). The Articles of Confederation An Interpretation of the Social-ConstitutionalHistory of the American Revolution, 1774178, p. 178179Wendel, T. (1981). The Articles of Confederation. National Review. Vol. 33(13) p. 768-770.Young, R. L. (1977). The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union. American BarAssociation Journal. Vol. 63(11), p. 1572.